What is happening
Ice gives an edge very little to bite. The grip is limited, so you have a smaller margin before the ski slides. Anything sudden, such as a quick edge change or a hard push down on the ski, can break it free.
The model sets the snow to ice and shows the edge zones along the ski. Some zones hold, some are marginal, and some slide. The stance and the edge angle change how many of them hold.
Technique first
Most skiers who ask about this are told the same few things, and they are right. - Do not lean towards the hill. Leaning in, with your whole body tilted, puts more load on the edge for the same angle. Angulate instead: tip the knees and hips into the turn while your upper body stays over the outside ski. - Be smooth. A gradual build of edge angle and pressure holds better than a sudden one. - Balance on the outside ski. The inside ski can follow, but the outside edge does the work. - Make round turns. A sharp, skidded turn on ice is where you lose it.
Gear second
- A fresh edge. Even a small, fresh edge beats a dull one from two weeks ago. Many skiers are surprised by how much this matters on hard snow.
- A narrower ski, with camber and a bit of metal, holds better on ice than a wide, rockered, soft one. The ski you bought for powder is rarely the right ski for a frozen morning.
- Boots that fit. A loose boot delays your edge input.
How to read the figure
The figure above is set to ice. One stance leans in with the whole body and one angulates. Look at the load numbers and at how many zones hold.
How to practise
Pick a gentle, empty slope with a hard surface. Start with long, round turns on a shallow angle and build up. If you slide, ease off the angle, do not push harder. Pushing down on the ski and tipping it more is the instinct, and it makes it worse.
A note on speed
Speed adds load. If you are sliding on a steep icy pitch, it can be smarter to make shorter turns across the slope and control your speed than to try to carve.